File



Sept. 10, 1929. 'E. A. ANHEUSER FILE Filed Jan. 24, 1927 A TTORNEYPatented Sept. 10, 1929.

UNITED STATES ERNEST A. AIMEE-USER, or MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

v F LE.-

Application filed January 24, 1927. 'Serial No. 163,260.

This invention relates to those abrasive tools classified as files orrasps, and particularly the class of files employed at finishing pressedmetal forms which are later treated with a final. coat for attaining ahighly glossed, or, perfectly smooth surface.

The objects of this invention are to provide an element used insmoothing out rough surfaces that may occur about welded or solderedjoints thatunify sheet metal parts; the uneven surfaces of solid areas;the reduction of objectionable .portuberances, such as, bumps, pittedindentures, and extraneous deposits which disfigure those surfacesintended tohave the finish and smoothness of glass, be it flat, curved,or a combination of both; the eliminating of defective work occasionedby faulty equipment, irrespective of, and be yond the control of skilledlabor; providing a means whereby, skilled labor of a lower grade canfunction with greater accuracy, thereby economically producing a greatervolume of work in a time period that was heretofore required toproduce alesser vol- .ume with labor of the expert grade in skill;

the devising of means whereby a common stock article of manufacture isemployed for attaining an abrasive element that formerly required aparticular and uncommon form of stock as a base for gaining ahan'doperated tool; the providing of an abrasive tool having compoundarcuately fashioned teeth crossing an originally flat bar to present aconvex surface along a toothed face whlch may be on the opposite sidesof the bar as well; providing afl'eXible tool adapted for attaching sameto a determinedly curved holder or handle means that avoids the objectionable ocurrence attending the-bending of a flat element whichassumes form wherein the longitudinal medial area is lower than are theedgesof said area, leaving the edges aforesaid inclined to inordinatelyand unavoidedly dig into a metal surface to an 3 excess that is admittedto be slightly inex cess, but sufficient to roll up metal that in turnforms a toothitself which scores the sur-' face noticeably, If theadjacent surface is not shaved down to the depth of the objectionablescore, the defect becomes glaring when the workiSbrought to its finallypolished stage; again, if the surface is not reduced to the scored levelin an expertlyworked fashion, the whole spot, clumsily treated, becomesa defect that forces a rejection of the work itself and an appreciableloss inlabor consequent thereto. The variance of the convexity from afiat plane in this regard, is not above several thousandths of an inch;however,

this rise will insure against any possibility of a concave conditionbeing present in a tool of this class. A method and means for manuefacturing, to gain the aspects here set forth, are disclosed in myco-pending application,

filed January 6th,. 1927, Serial Number 159,305, 1,710,466. Otheradvantages will be remarked in the particular description and pointedout in the. appended claims; also, illustrated inthe several figuresseen in the'drawing, 'alllof now U. S. Letters Patent No.

which form part of this application. I

The viewschosento set forth this invention are: i

.Fig. 1 is a view showing the adaptation this kind of file. I i I Fig. 2is an enlarged fragmentary plan view.

Fig. 3 is an edge view of Fig. 2.

Fig.4.is an e larged section on line 44 800 ofFig22." Fig. 5 is adiagrammatic View of an opposit-e objectionable condition.

Similar characters of reference applycorrespondingly throughouttheillustrations.

An automobile body B, or'a like structure is constructed of sheet metalparts,'sometime steel, but largely aluminum; the partsare joinedtogether by. brazing, soldering, or'

riveting; these jointures leave: rou'gh surfaces that must be smootheddown by some quick method that will leave the metallic surfaces assmooth and as-accurately contoured asare the gently curved bodies madeoffilled Woodwork andsmoothed by a rubbing process that employs pumicestone. However, this non-scoring productis lnelfectiveflon' metal which.must be finished with a steel harder thanitself. Hand tools of the fileor rasp variety are used for this work by skilled 1 and rapid artisans,on whose adeptness de pends the faultless quality demanded, and

the numerical volume necessary, to keep this The file, or, rasp R ismade from fiat bar stock which is rectangular in cross section.

poses its chord parallel to and above the trans- The formed or cut barissevered into required lengths that,1n many instances, are

attached to a fixedly bent handle H, although the files frequentlyenough have, tangs for receiving the customary well-known wooden grip.Fig. 1 shows an application of the tool in'work necessary onauto'bodiesor any similar structure where the jointsare quickly madeandconsequently left in a roughened state to be filed smooth, as are anyother de-' fects that depart from a rigidly accurate curvatureabsolutely essential to gaining a perfect finality;

partially milled file surface T provided with arcuate parallel teeththat offer a cutting edge'lwhichforms an arc ofa circle across thehorizontal face of the bar, whose center is along the longitudinal linem of the said bar. The teeth are undercut as indicated by the dottedline 2, but the said teeth may be serviceable without undercuttinginsome classes of Work, and, further, the teeth may also bearcuatelyformed horizontally from centers along a non-medial line m, when varyinguses demand this preference; the latter form is shown dotted in Fig.'2radially along theline m, The transverse cross section of therectangularbar is changed, in milling, to where its fiat face assumes aconvex form which' is of asegmentary shapethat-disverse medial line ofthe bars thickness'where- 0n the teeth T occur, this change gives acrowned surface to the complement ofteeth, somewhat'exaggerated in thesaidxfigure, but existing nevertheless to an extent whereby a reverse,or concave, condition cannot possibly present itself. The verticalsegmentary formation will, of'course, follow the horizontal course ofthe teeth, and the chordal line will be understood as following thearcuate direction of said teethin order to complete a segment where thegenerating line iscentral as per m, or, incomplete where M/IS the gen- Kerating line. The manual action, present in usingtools of this sortis aswaying movement that rocks the files transversely, which rock inghasatendency to gouge in the edges of a face is concave. Thiscontingency requires that fiat or concave files be reduced along theirlongitudinal edges by some method that will rock; a sufiicient reasonfor the prevalent custom wherein theconcave surfaced files aresand-blasted along their edges in an effort to cut down this objected-tocharacteristic, the

mentioned process being an indefinite method of curing a recognizeddefect in files of the sort referred to. ing, in many instances, leavesirregular edges that are objectionable but which are not easilydetected'until the surfaces worked upon betrays them; besides this, theprocess is an unreliable method for grinding evenly, as such aprocessshould be in conditions ofthis ,kind. The present inventioneliminates the serious objectionsin offering a convex surface whereby adangerous edge cannot prevail, and where the approximating process ofsand blasting does not have to be employed for leveling the filessurface.

Fig. 4 indicates, by dotted line, how both faces of the bar may betoothed.

Fig. 5 is diagrammatically enlarged to r j where the granular particlesP crowd towards Fig. 2 isa-planview of the bar It having a efiicie ncyand inducing a rocking of the tool in order to get a cutting result,which invites an edge out thatwill produce an uglyscore. Theentrappedparticles, being of varying sizes, are rolled up along thesurfaces under the files concavity'a'nd these particles act as abrasiveelements themselves which cannot be considered or reckoned with as can apositive d. gularly shaped tooth formation.

All irregular scores, scratches, and the like,

'must' be eradicated later and the additional labor is a considerationthat cannot be tolerate'd, ,beca use of the time loss involved to themanufacturer, and, because of the wage re-' duction to the employee,-whois operating upon a piece-workbasis' subject to a scrutinizinginspection which rejects work done on,

- hardly noticeable, blemishes.

Having described my invention what is. claimed and desired to protect byLetters Pat- 1'. A file; formed of fiatrectangular and posed arcuatelyconvex in the horizontal plane, and arcuately convex in the verticallytransverse plane of the-bar aforesaid, said teeth cut to offer a greaterdepth at the edges than at the center of the bar aforesaid.

2. A file formed of fiat rectangular and flexible bar stock having,transverseteeth disposed arcuately convex in a horizontal plane,

and arcuately convex in a vertically trans- I I v verse plane ofthe. baraforesaid, said teeth file when fiat faced, and more so if the surflexible bar stock having, transverse teeth dismilled to offer uniformcutting edges that are tangent to the top plane of the bar and conve'xlycurved'to terminate below the point of tangency at the side edges of thebars width.

signature.

ERNEST A. ANHEUSER.

